Muslims believe that since the beginning of mankind by Adam and Eve, and the story of getting out of Paradise; God promised us Mankind to get back to the paradise - where we belong - when we pass an exam which is life. So as time goes by mankind started to forget, why are we in earth and what are we supposed to do, how should we behave, what's the decision to take in that issue and that one .etc
So, God started sending prophets as Guides to the right path in life, some of them with Holy Books to a certain group of people in a certain geographical areas, these Holy Books' function was to remind people; why are they here, how are they supposed to act and how are they going to be judged by God.
In different places on earth, and in different periods of time, what you should and shouldn't do, or in other words what's prohibited and what's not, was logically different but still all prophets were sent with the same "Core Belief" of a one God, and promoting the same principles of kindness, love and worshiping God. And in my belief every human being is born with these principles planted deeply in his own soul, including yourself!
And Muslims believe that God had sent the final prophet; Mohamed (peace and blessings be up on him) to the whole world as God knew that his message will reach every living human being on earth.
So, Prophet Mohamed wasn't sent to a limited group of people in a limited geographical area or in a bounded age, his message was meant to reach everyone. The main tools in order for prophet Mohamed to clarify to mankind his message was mainly the final words of God; the Holy Quran, then what he agreed on and told people to do and don't do, as he was taught by God and was getting the message across as a living example. what prophet Mohamed directed us to is named "Sunnah".
So the Holy Quran, is the core of a Muslim's belief, and Sunnah or what prophet Mohamed taught us; is the illustration and practical example of the Holy Quran.
But of course as time goes by, and as the circumstances differ from place to place, from time to time, and from person to person. Islamic sciences had been started by extracting the rules from the Quran and Sunnah, and then comes different concepts that would be complex to get into now but I can sum it up by saying it implies using Human's creativity and understanding of Quran and Sunnah, to judge something if it goes well with the core belief and core behavior or it doesn't.
A certain people who's mostly religious in belief and behavior, balanced and intelligient was able to go through that science and "Measure" if a certain issue is acceptable or prohibited "Halal" or "Haram".
Those people, who used to be scientists not only in religious sciences but in a lot of cases developed also brilliant work in astronomy, physics, philosophy, social sciences and algebra, was being asked from people who don't know or not sure if they're supposed to do that or not for a Fatwa!
As societies grown in population and geographical area, a well-known scholars "researchers" with a good knowledge of Islamic Science should provide the Muslim community with Fatwas! clarifying the things that frequently face them on their daily lives, things like smoking is it okay or not, Yoga for example what should I take from it and what I shouldn't?
Also, those highly qualified researchers in Islamic Sciences should be available if someone want to ask a certain question that he faced, and in a lot of cases a Fatwa in the same subject that could be declared to person "A" might be totally different for another person "B", why? because they might have a different circumstances, living in a different environment or have different concerns, so a Mufti should be intelligient and take the context during which the Fatwa had been asked into perspective.
So, Fatwa! always involved a level of creativity and intelligence and ability to measure, and further more; measuring the reason WHY that person is asking that question, does he want to do a bad thing and get away with it, so that the intelligient Mofty - who should be highly qualified in communication skills - should tell them No, It's prohibited for you now, here at that context. Or he's a kind person had forced in a certain situation and he's so pure from inside and need TOLERANCE to ease his life so the Mofty should be tolerant and let him ease his life. Prophet Mohamed was always choosing the easier for people.
Furthermore, Prophet Mohamed hadn't let the issue be random, when he had been asked from a companion what if I had been gives different Fatwas! he told something that's logical to whom read the Quran and understood the Sunnah, he told consult your heart even if they give Fatwa to you ask Fatwa from your heart what do you think? you know why you want to do that more than anyone else, do you think that it's against your belief? does it affect your behavior and get you being disrespectful or whatever negative behavior you might do.
So, a Fatwa! what made - and will make - Islam as a religion applicable in any community at any time, with tolerance, flexibility and understanding. The core beliefs never change, but how people interpret different issues it's up to them.
Fatwa! isn't obligatory, It's the outcome of a research conducted by a scholar and involved a level of human creativity that might differ from someone to another, so what to do then if we got two different Fatwas from highly qualified scholars, we return to what Prophet Mohamed teach us, and measure it by our hearts and see if it goes with our souls! Why because that's the core of our being. Islam isn't meant to concentrate on trivial matters, those issues could be judged with someone who's just pure from inside and doing his best to be a good Muslim! a good Human Being after all!
Source: Academy.Com
So, God started sending prophets as Guides to the right path in life, some of them with Holy Books to a certain group of people in a certain geographical areas, these Holy Books' function was to remind people; why are they here, how are they supposed to act and how are they going to be judged by God.
In different places on earth, and in different periods of time, what you should and shouldn't do, or in other words what's prohibited and what's not, was logically different but still all prophets were sent with the same "Core Belief" of a one God, and promoting the same principles of kindness, love and worshiping God. And in my belief every human being is born with these principles planted deeply in his own soul, including yourself!
And Muslims believe that God had sent the final prophet; Mohamed (peace and blessings be up on him) to the whole world as God knew that his message will reach every living human being on earth.
So, Prophet Mohamed wasn't sent to a limited group of people in a limited geographical area or in a bounded age, his message was meant to reach everyone. The main tools in order for prophet Mohamed to clarify to mankind his message was mainly the final words of God; the Holy Quran, then what he agreed on and told people to do and don't do, as he was taught by God and was getting the message across as a living example. what prophet Mohamed directed us to is named "Sunnah".
So the Holy Quran, is the core of a Muslim's belief, and Sunnah or what prophet Mohamed taught us; is the illustration and practical example of the Holy Quran.
But of course as time goes by, and as the circumstances differ from place to place, from time to time, and from person to person. Islamic sciences had been started by extracting the rules from the Quran and Sunnah, and then comes different concepts that would be complex to get into now but I can sum it up by saying it implies using Human's creativity and understanding of Quran and Sunnah, to judge something if it goes well with the core belief and core behavior or it doesn't.
A certain people who's mostly religious in belief and behavior, balanced and intelligient was able to go through that science and "Measure" if a certain issue is acceptable or prohibited "Halal" or "Haram".
Those people, who used to be scientists not only in religious sciences but in a lot of cases developed also brilliant work in astronomy, physics, philosophy, social sciences and algebra, was being asked from people who don't know or not sure if they're supposed to do that or not for a Fatwa!
As societies grown in population and geographical area, a well-known scholars "researchers" with a good knowledge of Islamic Science should provide the Muslim community with Fatwas! clarifying the things that frequently face them on their daily lives, things like smoking is it okay or not, Yoga for example what should I take from it and what I shouldn't?
Also, those highly qualified researchers in Islamic Sciences should be available if someone want to ask a certain question that he faced, and in a lot of cases a Fatwa in the same subject that could be declared to person "A" might be totally different for another person "B", why? because they might have a different circumstances, living in a different environment or have different concerns, so a Mufti should be intelligient and take the context during which the Fatwa had been asked into perspective.
So, Fatwa! always involved a level of creativity and intelligence and ability to measure, and further more; measuring the reason WHY that person is asking that question, does he want to do a bad thing and get away with it, so that the intelligient Mofty - who should be highly qualified in communication skills - should tell them No, It's prohibited for you now, here at that context. Or he's a kind person had forced in a certain situation and he's so pure from inside and need TOLERANCE to ease his life so the Mofty should be tolerant and let him ease his life. Prophet Mohamed was always choosing the easier for people.
Furthermore, Prophet Mohamed hadn't let the issue be random, when he had been asked from a companion what if I had been gives different Fatwas! he told something that's logical to whom read the Quran and understood the Sunnah, he told consult your heart even if they give Fatwa to you ask Fatwa from your heart what do you think? you know why you want to do that more than anyone else, do you think that it's against your belief? does it affect your behavior and get you being disrespectful or whatever negative behavior you might do.
So, a Fatwa! what made - and will make - Islam as a religion applicable in any community at any time, with tolerance, flexibility and understanding. The core beliefs never change, but how people interpret different issues it's up to them.
Fatwa! isn't obligatory, It's the outcome of a research conducted by a scholar and involved a level of human creativity that might differ from someone to another, so what to do then if we got two different Fatwas from highly qualified scholars, we return to what Prophet Mohamed teach us, and measure it by our hearts and see if it goes with our souls! Why because that's the core of our being. Islam isn't meant to concentrate on trivial matters, those issues could be judged with someone who's just pure from inside and doing his best to be a good Muslim! a good Human Being after all!
Source: Academy.Com
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